Analysis Of Alan Turing s Idea Of Can Computers Think

4) Make a case for or against Artificial Intelligence from a logistical or ideological standpoint. Refer to the work of Alan Turing in your response. Alan Turing’s idea of ‘can computers think? Is challenged with how complex the human brain is and how computers only know what they are programmed with, even though ‘Deep Blue’(Deep Blue (Chess Computer)) Was able to beat chess champion Garry Kasparov in game one of a six-game match on the 10th of February 1996. Artificial Intelligence can not replicate a human’s way of thinking as it can only be programmed to be able to react to specific situations and if anything is different or new, it won’t be able to process the new situation and make a conscious decision the way a human would. Robots are incapable of thinking the way we do and are not creative, so can not come up with original ideas, this supports the theory that computers can’t think as they need other people’s ideas. Robots also have no loyalty or morals the way a human would and so can be deadly in the hands of terrorists. Another constraint of Artificial Intelligence is the fact that you have to be literal with everything you say, ‘y2k’ is an example of this as there was a chance that the computers could assume that the next year was 1900, possibly starting a world war. Another factor to consider is the religious constraints of Artificial Intelligence as especially religions and countries that are very strict, such as Islam in the Middle East, as they have lawsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Our Posthuman Future: The Philosophical Implications2960 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction This essay is about the philosophy of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and it will delve deep into the question of the many philosophical implications of AI. In this paper, I will argue that a machine being able to think and the possibility of an emerging post human future due to the hypothetical invention of AI has philosophical implications for the future of humanity. The intersection of strong and weak AI with human consciousness is also explored through the examples of IBM’s AI systemsRead MoreComputers7651 Words   |  31 Pages------------------------------------------------- Computer From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see  Computer (disambiguation). Computer system redirects here. For other uses, see  Computer system (disambiguation). Computer technology redirects here. For the company, see  Computer Technology Limited. Computer | | A  computer  is a general purpose device that can be  programmed  to carry out a finite set of arithmetic or logical operations. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solveRead MoreThe Artificial Intelligence Program For Integrating English Oral Practice And Writing Skills2070 Words   |  9 PagesArtificial Intelligence Program for Integrating English Oral Practice and Writing Skills Abstract Oral language proficiency is highly essential for all language learners because it is eventually the skill they mostly use to express their observations, analysis, outlooks and views. Oral interactions remain the primary mode of discourse throughout the world. The development of oral language skill is of major importance for the second or foreign language learners. In addition, English writing course has beenRead MoreReligion, Science, And Media Essay2339 Words   |  10 PagesThe authors of the textbook indicate that religion, science, and media all influence the way we think about sexuality. Which of these three influences you the most? How do they influence you? Is it a positive or negative influence? What kinds of sexual values in television programs have the greatest influence upon you? The sexual behaviors religion deems moral, the levels of scientific understanding in sexual matters and what the media deems sexualy ideal all profoudly influence how a society viewRead More4g Communication22481 Words   |  90 Pagescomprehensive and personalized services, providing stable system performance and quality service. 4G doesn t just define a standard; it describes an environment where radio access methods will be able to interoperate to provide communications sessions that can seamlessly hand-off between them. More than any other technology, 4G will have a profound impact on the entire wireless landscape and the total value chain. This paper focuses on the vision of 4G and briefly explains the technologies and featuresRead MoreCognitive psychology  . Essay5542 Words   |  23 Pagesthe highly interdisciplinary cognitive science and influenced by artificial intelligence, computer science, philosophy, anthropology,  linguistics, biology, physics, and  neuroscience. ------------------------------------------------- History  [edit] Cognitive psychology in its modern form incorporates a remarkable set of new technologies in psychological science. Although published inquiries of human cognition can be traced back to Aristotle’s ‘’De Memoria’’ (Hothersall, 1984), the intellectual originsRead MoreHistory of Management Thought Revision17812 Words   |  72 Pagesrare, however, is an accurate account of him and his ideas. This chapter intends to portray Taylor with his faults as well as his virtues. Though sometimes inconsistent in what he said and what he practiced, there is little doubt that his contributions for his era were substantial. A. Taylor s Early Years 1. His family background provided no indication of what his career would be like. His father had money and property and his mother s family history was deeply rooted in colonial timesRead MoreStuden Brand Comparison Betwen Apple and Samsung14106 Words   |  57 Pages....................................... 13 2.4 Methods to analyze data ................................................................... 14 2.4.1 Data preparation .................................................................. 14 2.4.2 Data analysis ....................................................................... 15 2.5 Validity ............................................................................................. 15 2.6 Reliability ............................................Read MoreComparative Study of Quality of Work Life Management in Tcs Ibm: a Case Study Analysis14194 Words   |  57 PagesPROJECT REPORT On â€Å"COMPARATIVE STUDY OF QUALITY OF WORK LIFE MANAGEMENT IN TCS amp; IBM: A CASE STUDY ANALYSIS† FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF â€Å"MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINSTRATION† FROM GGS IP UNIVERSITY NEW DELHI BATCH: 2011-2013 Submitted by: Submitted to: Sheetal Yadav Dr. Parul Gupta ARMY INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT amp; TECHNOLOGY, GREATER NOIDA (UP) – 201306 BACKGROUND

The Life Of Jesus Christ And Paul The Apostle - 3824 Words

The Life of Jesus Christ and Paul the Apostle The Survey of the New Testament course covered a vast amount of material. A person with no knowledge of the Bible could absorb a wealth of sacred information. Jesus Christ and Paul the Apostle covered a great amount of material in the New Testament. Throughout this paper, I discuss the life of Jesus Christ and the life of Paul the Apostle and their extraordinary missions they accomplished that led to faith in Christianity. The Life of Jesus Christ Jesus Christ had a remarkable life with a mission to spread the good word of God. A few of Jesus’ apostles wrote historical gospels of Jesus’ life; some of this information includes His beginning, His teaching, His sacrifice, and His resurrection. In the Beginning The Bible contains scripture and prophecy of Jesus before and after His birth. In the beginning, some of historical topics included His genealogy, His learning, His baptism, His test, and His declaration as the Messiah. Jesus birth Virgin Mary conceived the Son of God by the Holy Spirit while engaged to Joseph the son of David. An angle came to Joseph and explained Mary’s conception through the Holy Spirit; and told him to take Mary as his wife, and he must name the baby boy Jesus. The prophecy of Jesus’ virgin birth was in the New International Version, Isaiah 7:14, â€Å"the virgin will conceive and give birth to a son† and in Luke 4:21 this prophesy fulfilled. Prophecy was foretold in Micah 5:2, of Jesus’Show MoreRelatedThe Resurrection Of Christ Jesus1211 Words   |  5 PagesResurrection of Christ Jesus according to the Apostle Paul† The example in the Gospels can express many examples of resurrection which delivers a strong message In the New Testament. The term resurrection by Webster definition explains, â€Å"Life, raising from the dead.† The Greek defines it as, â€Å"A standing up again, recovery.† John 11:25 explain Jesus speaking to Martha concerning her Brother Lazarus’s death. He says, â€Å"I am the resurrection, (standing up again), and the life (breath), he whoRead MoreLeadership Styles : Jesus As A Servant Leader914 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Styles Jesus as a Servant Leader Leadership from a Christian perspective focus on theological expositional, worship facilitation and communication skills. Many leadership styles pass over the one role model Jesus Christ, who should be the main focus of any leadership style. The focus of growth on each individual and their achievements and full potential distinguishes servant leadership from all other leadership styles. The service of the followers is the main concern of the servantRead MoreBaptist Theological Seminary : Apostle Paul And His Message On Grace1426 Words   |  6 PagesLiberty Baptist Theological Seminary Apostle Paul and His Message on Grace Dexter Tomblin L25979163 NBST 520 Dr. Dale Marshfield December 07, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS Thesis............................................................................................................................ Methodology............................................................................................................................ Outline.........................................Read MoreBackground . The Book Of Acts Or The Acts Of The Apostles1523 Words   |  7 PagesActs of the Apostles is also referred to as the Book of the Holy Spirit or just the Acts of the Holy Spirit because of the numerous cases it portrays the work of the Holy Spirits. Acts present the work of the Holy Spirit as the life line of the Church. It is important to remember that, in the previous gospel books, Jesus had lived, Jesus had died, and he had risen and ascended to heaven. At the time of his ascension, Jesus promised to send the helper; the Holy Spirit. The disciples of Jesus continuedRead More Apostle Paul Essay1212 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The disciples of Jesus Christ were faithful to record the words and actions of the Lord. Through His actions and character, Jesus Christ influenced history. Jesus Christ was crucified, died, and resurrected, which changed world history as we know it. He told his disciples He would die and on the third day he would be resurrected. Jesus died to pay the sin debt of the world. The Lord led a sinless life, but was the one who took on the sins of the world. There is no other person whoRead MoreAnalysis Of Paul Pleas With The Corinthians1333 Words   |  6 PagesPutting pen to paper, Paul pleas with the Corinthians to better themselves through Christ Jesus. While in discourse with the Corinthians, the polemic language of Paul becomes, at times, difficult to digest. While pursuing a better relationship with the believers in Corinth, the apostle often used terms such as ‘we,’ ‘our,’ and ‘us.’ These pronouns can be understood in multiple ways; however , the manner in which they are comprehended sheds light on Paul’s agenda. In the analysis of 2 Corinthians 4:Read MoreEssay on Forgiveness and Sin1092 Words   |  5 Pagesregulations that many Jewish Orthodox follow to this very day. Next, in the supreme act of love, God sends His Son, Jesus Christ, to die for mans sins in a final act of forgiveness. Both of these acts are seen through the life of a single person, the essential founder of the Protestant faith and one of the primary founders of Christianity through the ages - the Apostle Paul. Paul was raised as a Roman Jew from Tarsus known as Saul. He was a free born Roman citizen who was circumcised on the eighthRead MoreThe Life And Writings Of Paul Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesThe life and writings of Paul Paul the Apostle, also known as Saul of Tarsus, is one of the most important figures in the New Testament. A man who dedicated his life into persecuting Christian later converted and became the person who wrote more books than any other writer in the New Testament (Picirilli 2). Paul did not start his life the same as the person he was at the end, he was neither a Christian nor a supporter of Christianity. The initial life of Paul was rugged and hard. He was raised asRead MoreThe Apostle Paul And The New Testament1425 Words   |  6 PagesWritings of the Apostle Paul populate the canon of the New Testament. The rawness and earnestness found within spring from the pages igniting a wonder in the reader of who Paul the Apostle was. Paul went to great lengths to spread the name of Jesus and one cheers anxiously from the sideline waiting to see if he ever gets the upper hand. Attacked, insulted, beaten, discredited, and victimized are just a few adjectives that could describe daily life for Paul. He becomes a model of devotion and fervorRead MoreJournal Article Critique Of John G Pauline Cosmic Christology And Ecological Crisis Essay1103 Words   |  5 PagesSelected Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Introduction The redemptive doors that Jesus Christ opens and gives us as a fallen creation are crucial toward who He is. The sacrifice upon the cross is critical to our association with Jesus Christ. Overlooking the installment of sins upon the cross, Jesus Christ still holds lordship over the universe. Jesus Christ is still God regardless of the possibility that we tend to overlook it. It is His qualities of affectionate love

Sumerian Language Free Essays

Sumerians Contribution Have you ever thought of where math, writing, and governments were invented? The Sumerians invented math, science, writing, and astronomy. The Sumerians were the first civilization on earth. Around 4,000 B. We will write a custom essay sample on Sumerian Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now C. E the people called Sumerians moved into Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the Middle East. The Sumerians built massive city walls, Ziggurats (similar to pyramids but used for worshipping), canals, etc. Many people don’t know about how greatly the Sumerians have contributed to our society. Looking at math, writing, and governments we will see how the Sumerians have influenced today’s society. First of all, Sumerians were the first to invent math. The Sumerians used a â€Å"sexagesimal system,† which basically means that everything based on the number 60 (Krupp). The mathematician Duncan J. Melville from St. Lawrence University said that â€Å"the system is striking for its originality and simplicity. † The reasons why the Sumerians picked 60 as their base remains unknown; however, the idea was developed from an earlier, â€Å"More complex system known from 3200 B. C. n which the positions in a number alternated between 6 and 10 as bases. For a system that might seem even more deranged, if it weren’t so familiar, consider this way of measuring length with four entirely different bases: 12 little units, called inches, make a foot, 3 feet make a yard, and 1,760 yards make a mile. Over a thousand years, the Sumerian alternating-base method was simplified into the sexagesimal system, with the same symbol standing for 1 or 60 or 3,600, depending on its place in the number, [†¦] just as 1 in the decimal system denotes 1, 10 or 100, depending on its place† (Wade). Then later on Babylonians adopted the system and used it to calculate time: the â€Å"1:12:33† on a computer clock means 1 (x 60 squared) seconds + 12 (x 60) seconds + 33 seconds, which we still use today. This is the reason why modern day civilization measures an hour in 60 minutes and 1 minute in 60 seconds. The sexagesimal system enabled the Sumerians to calculate roots, multiply into millions, and use fractions. Modern-day math still uses aspects of this system (Wade). Next, according to the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, writing emerged in many different cultures throughout the ancient world, it wasn’t the creation of one people; however, the Sumerians are credited with inventing the earliest form of writing around 3,500 B. C. E. The Sumerians writings on stone tablets started off as just simple pictures and pictograms that represented objects or ideas (see Figure 1). Soon after the Sumerians simplified the pictograms into wedge-shaped signs which is called cuneiform writing (â€Å"Ancient Mesopotamia: The Invention of Writing†). The invention of writing was the dawn of the information revolution. This great technological advance allowed news and ideas to be carried to distant places without having to rely on a messenger’s memory. Like all inventions, writing emerged because there was a need for it. In Mesopotamia, it was developed as a record-keeping vehicle for commercial transactions or administrative proc edures. There are also texts that served as â€Å"copy books† for the education of future scribes. Eventually, cuneiform script was used to produce some of the greatest literary works in recorded history† (â€Å"Ancient Mesopotamia: The Invention of Writing†). We got the alphabet that we used today because after the Sumerians in Mesopotamia started writing, it spread to Egypt, and by 1500 B. C. E. it spread to China, and from then on people were â€Å"scribbling, sketching, and telling [the] world about their culture in a very permanent way† (Whipps). As writing spread, people developed their own styles, forms, and way of writing. Another invention that we still use today is government. I learned from studying world history that the Sumerians needed a way to maintain order, organize work forces, and keep crimes from happening because Mesopotamia was a very large city with many artifacts and valuables. The Sumerians were able to build large defensive walls, roads, canals, ditches, and dikes that ran throughout Mesopotamia because of the organized labor, which was possible because they had a government. â€Å"Now, government is what keeps the world from becoming a place of anarchy and chaos† (â€Å"government†). Government affects us now because we elect officials that represent out beliefs on how the United States should be run. America would be nothing without a government. We can thank the Sumerians because with a government America is a superpower and prosperous (â€Å"government†). In conclusion, without the inventions of math, writing, government, and many more we would have a chaotic world. Sumerians invented arithmetic, a number system, cuneiform writing that many have adopted and changed, and a government to keep the Empire together. Without the inventions of the Sumerians we would be set back a couple thousand years today. Citations â€Å"Ancient Mesopotamia: The Invention of Writing. †Ã‚  The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. N. p.. Web. 13 Dec 2012. ;http://oi. uchicago. edu/OI/MUS/ED/TRC/MESO/writing. html;. â€Å"Government. †Ã‚  The World History Hall of Fame. N. p.. Web. 13 Dec 2012. ;http://worldhistoryfame. tripod. com/id8. html;. Krupp, E. C. â€Å"Going Like Sixty. †Ã‚  Sky ; Telescope. 2007: n. page. Web. 13 Dec. 2012. ;http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? id=e6e679f1-3bf5-4d4b-a979-6ca1563088ec@sessionmgr15;vid=1;hid=28;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ== Wade, Nicholas. â€Å"An Exhibition That Gets to the (Square) Root of Sumerian Math. †Ã‚  New York Times. 22 2010: n. page. Web. 13 Dec. 2012. ;http://www. nytimes. com/2010/11/23/science/23babylon. html? _r=0;. Whipps, Heather. â€Å"How Writing Changed the World. â€Å"LiveScience. 10 2008: n. page. Web. 13 Dec. 2012. ;http://www. livescience. com/2283-writing-changed-world. html;. Figure 1: Sumerian Tablets With Semi-Pictographic Writing How to cite Sumerian Language, Papers

Change Management and Resistance Ford Motors

Question: Discuss about theChange Management and Resistancefor Ford Motors. Answer: Introduction Change is common in most of the areas of any firm and expecting the correspondence to resistance in the most baffling and challenging prospect (Anderson, 2011). The resistance further may take a number of forms such as an increase in quit leading to employee turnover, generation of negative emotion, a persistent reduction in the output, negotiation for transfer from responsibilities, and expression of much pseudological reasons why change with not work (Beer Nohria, 2000). The present report is thus focused on the elucidation of factors that are mainly responsible for demonising the resistance to change, with take case reference from companies like Google, Ford Motors, Coca cola, and Australian Government (Health Department). In addition to this, the scope of managerial function and their ethical implication in conjunction with resistance and organisational culture is also discussed in this report. Why Changes are Resisted and Why Resistance is Problematic According to Dent et al. (1999), there are various sources responsible for the resistance to change, which is needed to be evaluated in order to build a strategic framework for the change implementation (management) plan. The most common factor among these is the lack of communication or inappropriate clarity in the message, as a result of which the employees fails to understand the importance of change prospect (Burnes Todnem, 2011). Likewise, lack of visionary objective by the leader or owners also lead to the development of misleading perspective. In a report by Karnani et al. (2014), it was discussed that often the need for the change is misunderstood when the reason for the change is unclear, which is reflective in coca cola company. The company faces strong opposition from customers during 1996, and thereby CEO of company Mr. Gouizetta, manages change by acting as an inspirational leader. He framed several groups within the employee segment, clearly advocated the requirement o f change in the procedural and production line; which in turn made the company able to achieve market competitiveness. This resistance situation is frequently reflective by those who have used the current way of doing things for years, and they believe that it works well. This working attitude is also referred to as stereotypic nature or fear from learning newer procedures. According to Cameron et al. (2009), employees tends to develop emotional attachment and connection with the former way of doing things, and as a result of which negotiation seems to be easier rather than learning and adopting newer ways. An example of such resistance to change can be found in Australian health care sector where adoption of electronic record system was presumed to be a beneficial change over the traditional paper based record management (Nguyen, Bellucci Nguyen, 2014). Taking a case reference of Google, the resistance among employees is mainly shown due to frequently changing of computer codes and that the group leaders insist on preparing newer programs, suitable according to customer needs (Erkama, 2010). In this case, the reason for the resistance is linked to the condition of uninformed implementation of change, which mainly has a beneficial aspect for companys finance or for the concerned stakeholders. In other words, the lack of consideration for the employees, tactical HR policies that lack benefits for employees and neglect their need are likely to be resisted by employees (Linstead, Fulop Lilley, 2009). The rationale behind the discussion of this issue is that such perspective attitude among employees will fail to bring sustainability in the implementation course of change management process. Such situation can only be managed with proper motivation, encouraging employees to bring change, and defining their role in terms of achieving cust omer satisfaction. According to a report by Jabri et al. (2012), even when the benefits and positive rewards after making the change are not recognisable as compared to the trouble involved, the situation is likely to create dissatisfaction for the change among the people. Reversely, Google adopts this measure of rewarding and acknowledging the contribution of their employees, as a result of which today Google have 5% annual employee turnover, and according to a recent survey, 87% of employees shows positive attitude and satisfaction for their job at Goole (Steiber Alnge, 2013). Relationship of Power and Resistance in Organisational Change According to Piderit et al. (2000), power is directly linked with organisational politics because, associated members have varying interest, experiences, and perspectives. The resistance to any organisational change is linked with power, is further dictated with below-mentioned theories. According to the theory by Kotler, change is good as it brings newer techniques for effective work management (Kotter, J. P., Schlesinger, 1979). The role of managers and change agents is to implement best practices that are based on empirical and measurable data. On the other hand, the resistance reflective by employees is considered to be bad, because often it leads to failing implementation of good measures into the organisational culture. Likewise, resistance is also referred to as coercion if employees tends to quiet their job, negotiate with manipulation, and demands more sanctioning that put extra cost to firm. According to Karnani et al. (2014), Coca Cola company faces such resistance among employees, where they demand to be resistance against changed procedure. In this regard, the company faces 8% of employee turnover in Georgia, during year 2010, which reflects how change can be referred to as coercion. According to Shaw et al. (2009), change implementation in an organisat ion involves the power usage and influential tactics by CEOs, change managers, work councils, line managers, consultants, employees, and another group of interests for effective change management and influencing change process. The resistance is mainly an outcome of psychological state, that associates employee attitudes and emotions. One example in this regard can be found from Australian Government Health Department, where employees resist to adopt electronic record management system, due to fear of learning computer literacy, anxiety for poor performance, and individual capacity lacking. In a report by Burr et al. (2015), resistance is natural according to social perspective and that such resistance is possible to manage into fruitful direction with social interaction. Thus, it is of high requirement that managers must create effective environment to offer motivation, easy learning, and supportive training environment to foster the change (Amagoh, 2008). Power and resistance is thus linked with the fact that the authoritative agents force employees to do, which they would not otherwise do. It should be noted that the relationship between power and resistance is not fixed but are flexible, which is manifested with negotiations of meanings (Thomas Hardy, 2011). In this consideration, the resistance is inherent that depends on personal attitude and their understanding to the change requirement. While power is concerned with certain organisational members capacity to make changes and that certain authoritative have constrained power. The most effective procedure of using power to overcome resistance can be learned from Ford Motors, which involves the use of power through agents, and they influence each others attitude through open discussion, democratic dialogue and another power process. The change cases in Ford motor is a clear example of such management, in which the managers are require to include the employees and customers into di rect framework of change. The objective of such framework is to make the product more acceptable by customers and thereby achieving the competitive advantage (Samuel, Found Williams, 2015). Ethics of Managerial and Resistant Position in the Change-Making Process The ethics of managerial and resistant positions in context to organisational change is dependent on the organisational behaviour; which includes the values and principles of individuals (Beer Nohria, 2000). The ethics of managerial position towards change management also depicts their completeness and appropriate actions. Certain managers do not change for the sake of competitiveness (cost effective measures or aligning with the technological drift), rather they believe that change is needed to enhance the organisational performance. They play the role of a good initiator, change agent, leader, and sponsor for effective change management, which is reflective with managerial practices at Ford Motors. As a result of such practices, the company received number of awards such as Ethisphere Institute in 2015 and Worlds most ethical companies award in 2016 (Samuel, Found Williams, 2015). However, the resistant position in the organisational change has been evolved because of the loss of feelings of status, power, career, relationships and opportunities, which can be found in Australian Health Sector during the period of 2011-2014 (Nguyen, Bellucci Nguyen, 2014). It is needed that the administrator (or HR quality levels) that is responsible for the change in the value system of the organisation should act in an ethical manner. For example, Australian Government introduces the procedural requirement of training and education. Likewise, the change in the strategic framework in major hospitals should include all the stakeholders (including employees and customers) into a decision-making framework to bring electronic archetypes in the data/information management. These measures are effective as they tend to reduce the overall risk associated with the implementation plan and hence are likely to lessen the extent of resistance (Nguyen, Bellucci Nguyen, 2014). Implications of Managerial and Resistant Positions for Effective Change Management Achieving the change management through effective programmes is a complex process which differs according to different organisational needs. Taking account of the organisational needs and individual aspects, different approaches should be adopted to manage the change (Hirsch, 2014). These strategies further should be based on the external environment and the objectives associated with the change; the preceding examples are explained with case study of implementing change of EHR system into Australian Health sector. At first for building successful management programmes, it is necessary to design the case for the change which will be giving a foundation for the overall change process. This mainly includes a collection of evidence and success framework, which can be presented to policy makers, stakeholders, and to board members of Australian Government (health department) and major hospitals and clinics. Secondly, there should be effective leadership (by physician and nursing health an d allied health professionals head) from the managerial position ensuring that the managers are capable enough to manage the implementation (Nguyen, Bellucci Nguyen, 2014). Likewise, in order to forester the changed procedure into best practices, it is also critical to arrange training program for the employee, for example computer literacy, using e-mail for communication, and updating the records into the Information Technology (IT) portals. Apart from this, a clear and open communication is required from both the leaders and resistant positions to implement the change without any resistance. This in simpler terms is also referred to as two-way communication, and the same brings into the procedure of feedback and opinion collection for managing future changes (Dolan Bao, 2012). In all the mentioned steps requisite for the change management programme, the view of the employees should be taken so as to implement motivation level as well as to involve them in the strategic decision- making process actively (Fleming Spicer, 2006). Note that it is the responsibility of both the managers and employees to share their vision and values of changed and current way of doing thing respectively to derive the final objective for the necessity of change. Conclusion In summary, the present report is based on managerial actions (ethics, power, and attitude) and the resistance from an employee in conjunction to implement change procedures within any firm. Poor communication or miscommunication is realised to be a primary cause for the resistance towards change and creates a problem in terms of generating negative emotions, reducing outputs, and facilitating employee turnovers. Based on the analysis, it can be thus concluded that for effective change management within an organisation, the power of higher administration and resistance from the employees are equally linked with each other. Resistance to change management process is the outcome of authority exercised by the managerial positions, with the intention to achieve power or to escape from it. It is, therefore, the responsibility of the change managers to avoid conflict in the change process by making active participation of all the group in decision-making. References: Amagoh, F. (2008). Perspectives on organizational change: systems and complexity theories. The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, 13(3), 1-14. Anderson, A. (2011). Engaging Resistance. Stanford University Press. Retrieved from https://www.ebrary.com Beer, M., Nohria, N. (2000). Cracking the Code of Change. Harvard Business Review, 78(3), 133-141. Burnes, B., Todnem, R. (2011). Leadership and change: the case for greater ethical clarity. Journal of Business Ethics, 108, 239-252. doi:10.1007/s10551-011-1088-2. Burr, V. (2015). Social constructionism (3rd ed.). Retrieved from eBook Library. Cameron, E., Green, M. (2009). Making sense of change management (2nd ed.). Retrieved from eBook Library Dent, E. B., Goldberg, S. G. (1999). Challenging resistance to change. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 35, 25-41. doi: 10.1177/0021886399351003 Dolan, S. L. Bao Y. (2012). Sharing the culture: Embedding storytelling and ethics in the culture change management process.Journal of Management and Change, 29, 10-23. Erkama, N. (2010). Power and resistance in a multinational organization: Discursive struggles over organizational restructuring. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 26, 151-165. Fleming, P., Spicer, A. (2006). Contesting the corporation: struggle, power and resistance in organisations. Retrieved from: https://sites.google.com/site/andrespicer/ContestingtheCorporationsample.pdf Ford, J. D., Ford, L. W., DAmelio, A. (2008). Resistance to change: The rest of the story. Academy of Management Review, 33, 362-377. Hirsch, P. B. (2014). Whither the bully pulpit: leadership communications and corporate transformation.Journal of Business Strategy,35(6), 66-70. Jabri, M. (2012). Managing Organizational Change: Process, Social Construction and Dialogue. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Karnani, A. (2014). Corporate social responsibility does not avert the tragedy of the commons. Case study: Coca-Cola India.Economics, Management, and Financial Markets,9(3), 11-23. Kotter, J. P., Schlesinger, L. A. (1979). Choosing strategies for change. Harvard Business Review, 57, 106-114. Linstead, S., Fulop, L., Lilley, S. (2009). Management Organization: a critical text. Basingstoke: Palgrave, Macmillan. Nguyen, L., Bellucci, E., Nguyen, L. T. (2014). Electronic health records implementation: an evaluation of information system impact and contingency factors.International journal of medical informatics,83(11), 779-796. Piderit, S. K. (2000). Rethinking resistance and recognizing ambivalence: A multidimensional view of attitudes toward an organizational change. Academy of Management Review, 25, 783794. Samuel, D., Found, P., Williams, S. J. (2015). How did the publication of the book The Machine That Changed The World change management thinking? Exploring 25 years of lean literature.International Journal of Operations Production Management,35(10), 1386-1407. Starr, K. (2011). Principles and the politics of resistance to change. Educational Management Administration Leadership, 39(6), 646-660. Doi:10.1177/1741143211416390. Steiber, A., Alnge, S. (2013). A corporate system for continuous innovation: the case of Google Inc.European Journal of Innovation Management,16(2), 243-264. Thomas, R., Hardy, C. (2011). Reframing resistance to organizational change.Scandinavian Journal of Management,27(3), 322-331.