Promotional Campaign of Pepsi Max Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Limited time Campaign of Pepsi Max - Essay Example This paper delineates that PepsiCo searches out better approaches to make the solid brand picture and addition the most extreme conceivable piece of the pie by expanding their client base. PepsiCo puts a lot of capital in limited time and promoting communicational exercises, to fortify its image value, in this manner making a top of the psyche brand review among the clients. The organization has embraced a few eccentric limited time mediums to make a successful promoting correspondence that has permitted the organization to make a solid mindfulness among the clients. The organization has chosen to step out of the conventional vehicle of correspondence and chose to attempt the web as the essential communicational stage. The extraordinary crusade has featured the message of â€Å"no sugar, greatest taste† of the item Pepsi Max. This crusade is focused at the clients who are very cognizant about their wellbeing and calorie consumption. BBC has referenced that the UK populace is g etting progressively worried about their wellbeing and ascend in weight. This worry has been tended to by the organization and accordingly, the Pepsi has referenced that the new item is equipped for conveying a similar incredible taste without settling on the flavor of the item. PepsiCo has broken the ordinary conviction that so as to decrease the sugar content, the taste must be undermined. The focal thought of this battle is to focus on the youthful wellbeing cognizant clients and standing out for them by utilizing certain creative limited time exercises. The limited time exercises of an organization are to make mindfulness among the clients and to quality its image picture with the goal that the clients can have a top of the psyche brand review of that specific brand or product.â The essential goal of a limited time crusade or a showcasing correspondence is to impact the buy choice of the clients. Each brand likes to pull in clients to them and would need them to pick their ite ms over that of the adversary organizations. This outcome makes it basic for the organizations to search out for better approaches to draw the consideration of the objective clients and impact them to purchase a specific item.

Mcdonald Pestel and External Analysis Essay Example

Mcdonald Pestel and External Analysis Essay Example Mcdonald Pestel and External Analysis Essay Mcdonald Pestel and External Analysis Essay Globalization has made the globe impressively littler. States lines have transformed into for all intents and purposes a divider isolating certain locales of a monstrous unitary network. Organizations are the one that are exceptionally influenced by this event. The virtual closeness of states has made exchange and business a global occasion. Along with these advances, the key gauges of business are also considered. Macdonald McDonald’s is one of the universes most notable and important brands and holds a main offer in the comprehensively marked speedy assistance café portion of the casual eating-out market in for all intents and purposes each nation and the main worldwide foodservice retailer with in excess of 30,000 nearby cafés serving in excess of 58 million individuals in excess of 119 nations every day. A McDonalds café is worked by a franchisee, an offshoot, or the partnership itself. The enterprises incomes originate from the lease, eminences and charges paid by the franchisees, just as deals in organization worked cafés. McDonald’s Vision McDonald’s vision is to be the world’s best brisk help eatery experience. McDonald’s Culture McDonald’s culture is the affection towards McDonald’s brand and the regarding the organization esteems guzzled in its rich history. McDonald’s Culture McDonald’s culture is the affection towards McDonald’s brand and the regarding the organization esteems soaked up in its rich history. History of McDonald’s * Started in 1940, when two siblings, Dick and Mac McDonald opened the first McDonald’s café in Quite a while. In 1954, a business person and milkshake-blender sales rep, Ray Kroc, gained the establishment of McDonald’s * In 1961, Kroc persuaded the McDonald siblings to sell the business rights to him for an entirety $2. 7milion. * In 1963, the mascot Ronald McDonald was conceived as a piece of a showcasing technique in US. Glad Meal was presented in US in 1979. * The year 1984 was set apart by the passing of Ray Kroc. * In 1994, McDonald’s packed away the Catalyst Award for its program for ‘fostering administration improvement in women’. * In 1996, the principal INDIAN Restaurantâ was opened. In 1998, the first Macdonald’s was opened in PAKISTAN * In 2003, the organization propelled the ‘I’m lovin’ it’ battle. McDonalds Practices There were three factors that were picked to diagram the accomplishment of McDonald’s partnership. The primary factor is globalization, which is characterize as nearer contact between various pieces of the world, with expanding conceivable outcomes of individual trade, common comprehension and kinship between world residents. Assorted variety, the distinction among individuals and societies, is the subsequent factor talke d about in the paper. The last factor is morals, which can be characterized as a lot of standards of right lead. This paper clarifies how the McDonald Corporations utilizes the elements to lead business around the globe. McDonald’s in Globalization has influenced pretty much every part of life in pretty much every country. From monetary to social to culture, this across the board trade of products, administrations and thoughts have affected changes far and wide. Despite the fact that the social impact in globalization is of slight noteworthiness to strategy producers, its capacity has colossal outcomes to the countries in question and its kin. Food is a significant component in characterizing society. â€Å"Food is the most established worldwide transporter of culture. † Any adjustments in the nourishments that we eat, in its arrangement, the manner in which it is served and devoured lessens the customary convictions of the individuals. Outer variables and Strategies Political Factors The worldwide tasks of McDonald’s are profoundly affected by the individual state approaches authorized by every administration. For example, there are sure gatherings in Europe and the United States that uproar for state activities relating to the wellbeing ramifications of eating cheap food. 2005) They have shown that destructive components like cholesterol and unfriendly impacts like corpulence are inferable from devouring inexpensive food items. The organization is constrained by the individual arrangements and guidelines of activities. Explicit markets center around various zones of concern, for example, that of wellbeing, specialist security, and condition. Every one of these components are found in the administration control of the authorizing of the cafés in the individual states. For example the meat issue in India. Along these lines, McDonalds manage the best possible experts in the particular markets that they expect to work in. Thusly, a decent method of sets up great connection with the administration. So Mcdonald’s changes its menu in various nations however the center menu continues as before. Monetary elements Branches and establishments of cheap food chains like McDonald’s tends to encounter hardship in occasions where the economy of the particular states is hit by swelling and changes in the trade rates. The clients subsequently are confronted with an impasse of going over their individual financial plans. Especially, their concern relies upon the reaction of the purchasers on these basics and how it could impact their general deals. In with respect to the tasks of the organization, evolved ways of life like McDonald’s will in general import quite a bit of their crude materials into a particular domain if there is a deficiency of gracefully. Swapping scale changes will likewise assume a critical job in the activities of the organization. Henceforth, if an establishment works in an especially financially frail state, subsequently their items will cost higher than the other existing items in the market, at that point these establishments must interpretation of specific acclimations to keep up the economies of scale. In this way, McDonalds, before entering the market, the organization complete an all around directed statistical surveying, particularly in the developments in the monetary condition. The recurrence of the movements in the expansion rate just as the vacillations in the conversion scale influences the tasks of the organization socio-social McDonald’s enjoy a specific assortment of purchasers with distinct kinds of characters. It has additionally been noticed that the organization have given the business sectors, for example, the United Kingdom, a choice with respect to their feasting needs. It’s been called attention to that McDonald’s has propelled a reasonably esteemed arrangement of food that tenders a dependable degree of value for the separate market where it works. Furthermore, the individuals who are matured just beneath the section of thirty-five are supposed to be the most continuous buyers of McDonald’s establishments. The multifaceted character of business these days is reflected in the unforgiving centrality of the data regarding the matter of the current market. On account of McDonald’s they set up a decent framework in deciding the necessities of the market. The organization utilizes ideas of purchaser conduct item character and buying choices to further its potential benefit. Before an establishment is conceded to a specific market, a very much drafted and extensive statistical surveying is directed at first in order to set up the demonstrations that would fit in with great traditions, open strategies, and ethics of the said state. Likewise, the McDonalds discover the movements in regions like the customer conduct and buying examples of the market. Generally, this is the key condition for executing an appropriate client relationship the board framework. Mechanical Factors McDonald’s creates an interest for their own items. (2006) The company’s key instrument for showcasing is by methods for TV ads. There are correspondingly a few cases that McDonald’s are slanted to intrigue the more youthful populaces more. The presence of play spots just as toys in suppers offered by the organization shows this reality. ( 1995) Other showing of such an advertising procedure is evident in the plugs of they use. They utilize energized delineations of their characters like Grimace and Hamburglar. Other publicizing tasks utilize well known VIPs to advance their items. The likeâ has become endorsers for McDonald’s overall â€Å"loving’ it† crusade. In addition, the activities of McDonald’s have altogether been mixed with new innovation. Components like the stock framework and the administration of the worth chain of the organization considers simple installments for their providers and different sellers which the individual stores in separate markets manage. The mix of innovation in the activities of McDonalds will in general increase the value of their items. Fundamentally, this is showed in the enhancements for its worth chain. The improvement of the nventory framework just as its flexibly bind permits the organization to work in a worldwide setting. McDonalds Use the web to further their potential benefit. The cost-adequacy, intuitiveness and ongoing impacts of the interchanges are an approach to discover providers. It is likewise a decent method to relate with the separate McDonald’s central command in each state. The organization additionally investigates its utilization to improve their stock tasks. As the activities in its inbound and outbound coordinations improve, the organization will anticipate noteworthy investment funds and decrease of expenses in the tasks. Legitimate Factors There has been the intermittent howling contrary to the cheap food industry. This has comparatively made McDonald’s apply an increasingly cautious thought on their corporate social obligations. In general, this tended to the need of the organization to shape its corporate notoriety to a progressively positive one and an all the more socially mindful organization. Recruit nearby insight to manage the lawful clashes in singular markets on which the organization may experience. Th

Answer question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Answer question - Essay Example al banks, account organizations or resource the board firms and decide the stableness of the association by requesting the period of time in business; who the proprietors or significant investors are; the place are their other bank areas; and a see of their monetary presentation (which is generally accessible through online sources). The quantity of Visas that an individual ought to have really ought to depend of the person’s prerequisites and the ability to pay. On the off chance that an individual needs charge cards for individual utilize just, at that point, one card should do the trick. In the event that the individual needs a charge card for different purposes like to make credit availments for one’s private company, at that point, another card that could bolster and support the necessities could be benefited in extra to the Mastercard for individual use. A cost which can decrease one’s taxation rate is magnanimous commitments. As indicated by the IRS (2011), the guidelines to be considered in instances of beneficent commitments are that â€Å"charitable commitments are deductible just in the event that you order findings on Form 1040, Schedule A. To be deductible, magnanimous commitments must be made to qualified associations. Installments to people are never deductible† (IRS, 2011, standards. 1 and

Protein Energy Malnutrition Essay Example for Free

Protein Energy Malnutrition Essay The articles subject concerns the protein lack among babies in the Osun territory of Nigeria. Nursing recurrence and term encountered a decrease during correlative food were acquainted with newborn children in Osun. Moms will in general be careless in taking care of their children with integral food, which result to the limited bosom taking care of moms that frustrates the characteristic sustenance that these newborn children need.  â â â â â â â â â â In an examination led among Osun babies, they found that it was anything but a prudent for kids at this age to be taken care of by such manufactured food. Utilization of such will in general stop the common sustenance the children need from their moms. As ahead of schedule as two years of age, babies were presented as of now to reciprocal food, which is against the necessity of the World Health Organization (Ogunba, 2004). As per WHO, the measure of protein and calories (vitality) that were devoured by babies were not above standard levels on the grounds that these nourishments contain abundance measure of sugars alone (Ogunba, 2004). Clearly, the dietary prerequisite of a newborn child isn't met because of the result of early supplementation of these manufactured food. Newborn children regular eating regimen ought to require consistent bosom taking care of in which they are empower to devour protein from milk. Lamentably, this able healthful sustenance is overlooked by the moms in Osun (Ogunba, 2004).  â â â â â â â â â â In an investigation directed among Osun babies, protein vitality ailing health was found that it was in steady consumption. The absence of protein among the newborn children came about to â€Å"stunting†. Stuntingâ has a critical nearness in the provincial territories, which means that interminable under-nourishment in these regions (Ogunba, 2004). It was found that hindering was among the guilty parties of baby development wavering, therefore from the utilization of reciprocal food, youngsters from one to a half year old enough were encountering an abatement in development and wellbeing progress (Ogunba, 2004). Hindering is the most predominant of the various appearances of PEM (33.9 percent), trailed by underweight (21.0 percent) and squandering (9.2 percent) (Ogunba, 2004). Kids need protein more than grown-ups do in light of the fact that they are continually developing and creating. The protein necessity of newborn children is per unit of body weight higher than those of grown-ups. Reference Ogunba,B. (2004). Protein vitality ailing health in supplemented bosom took care of infants: ramifications of  â â â â the planning of integral taking care of. Nourishment Food Science. Recovered February 10,  â â 2008, from  â â â â â â â â â â http://swtuopproxy.museglobal.com/MuseSessionID=af57a678251afeca8c38cca61826cae/  â â â â â â â â â â MuseHost=www.emeraldinsight.com/MusePath/Insight/ViewContentServlet?           Filename=Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Articles/0170340504.html

Existing Apart Manifestations of Otherness in The House of Mirth - Literature Essay Samples

In Edith Whartons The House of Mirth, the cold and unforgiving world of New Yorks high society never favors the perspective of the outsider, or the looker-on. But the author seems to award a great deal of credit to those characters who adapt to this position, thereby accepting its flaws along with its attributes. Lawrence Selden is one of these figures, and unique for the fact that society accepts him as a looker-on, perhaps because he accepts himself in this stance. He views everything from a separated stance, always stepping back to view scenes he himself is participating in. His love for Lily is both born of and destroyed by this aspect of his personality. Her love for Selden, on the other hand, is simply complicated by this perspective. Lilys relationship with her own aloof and separate tendencies changes during the course of the novel, greatly affecting her view of the world, and most importantly her relation to Selden. For most of the novel, however, Lily is an outsider who ref uses to admit it. And just as for Selden, and all the rest of the characters in this category, Lily will find this trait to be both her blessing and her doom.Seldens place as an outsider is maintained mostly by his tendency to keep himself always separate from activity, looking down. This stance allows him to remove himself not only from any main activity, but to understand the events unfolding around him with more reason than those who are more actively involved. His choice to remain apart is clear in moments like one at a ball, where Seldenfound himself, from an angle of the ball-room, surveying the scene with frank enjoyment. (138) He purposefully places himself in a corner, becoming a sort of audience. The allusion to theater comes in his idea that the very rich should live up to their calling as stage-managers and not spend their money in a dull way, (139) the very concept that brings him to the spectacle involving Lily in a tableau vivant.Seldens place as a looker-on facilitat es his love for Lily. Because Lily possesses unearthly beauty, and constantly uses this trait to make herself into an object for observation, she is the perfect creature to be watched from afar. Selden seems to understand her most in her moment onstage at the ball, when he can simply sit and watch, sharing with an entire audience the touch of poetry that [he] always felt in her presence. (142) It is in this moment, when Lily becomes the object that Selden has always naturally created of her, in his own mind, that he understands her most. As he simply observes her, he seem[s] to see before him the real Lily Bart,and even [has] time to feel the whole tragedy of her life. (142) Even when Lily is next to him, he is carefully watching her, as though she were a scene before him. In the beginning, after the reader is told that [a]s a spectator, he had always enjoyed Lily Bart, (6) Selden walks beside her and speculates on her beauty. He notes the modelling of her little ear, and even wonde rs of her hair  ­ was it ever so slightly brightened by art? (7) Although his stance proves usually to please or entertain Selden, it also leaves room for cold reality and constant loneliness.Selden is not alone in representing the role of the outsider in this novel. He is joined by several key characters, most of whom seem equally unlucky in love, and essentially alone in the world, but also have a heightened perception and understanding of reality rather than the pigeon-holed view afforded by more active participants. Mrs. Peniston is one of these characters, who, as a looker-onenjoy[s] opportunities of comparison and generalization such as those who take part must proverbially forego. (127) She exemplifies the loneliness in this perspective, separated even further by her age. Other characters of this type include Carry Fisher and Gerty Farish. Like Selden, these women rejoice in their differences and also offer advice and help to Lily when she needs it. Mrs. Fisher wishes simpl y to view [Lilys situation] from the outside and draw her conclusions accordingly. (247) And when she does not set herself apart, and simply follows the pack, as most in this milieu seem prone to do, she apologizes to Lily for it. (240) Gerty, on the other hand, does not so much consciously set herself apart, as find herself naturally different. Her triumph in her outsider status comes in the great joy she derives from simply watching beautiful things, such as the Van Osburgh wedding, where her chirping enthusiasms[seem] only to throw her own exceptionalness into becoming relief and give a soaring vastness to her scheme of life. (94) Gerty is able to see beauty where most criticize, but she is also doomed in love, as shown by her failure in giving Selden a romantic dinner.Lily, although an outsider by nature, in unlike any of these characters. She simultaneously accepts and rejects this perspective. What sets her apart the most is her stunning beauty and grace  ­ an attribute that she clings to as her main tool of survival. This physical beauty is the aspect of her differences that she embraces and accepts. She sets herself physically apart from her group when she knows her beauty will make an impression, as in her choice of scene at the Wellington-Brys ball, where she chooses something very different than everyone else. She does this also at the reading Mrs. Penistons will, where she sets herself up for a scene of triumph by [seating] herself in a chair which seemed to have been purposefully placed apart from the others. (231) Like her natural separateness, this lonely chair will ironically become a horrible place to be apart, when the scene becomes a tragedy for her when she least expected.Lily tragedy of poverty is the force behind her eventual realization of her inherent otherness. What she had only embraced as a tool in getting things begins to reveal its negative force in her life as well, as a hard glaze of indifference [is] fast forming over her deli cacies and susceptibilities. (243) Her perpetual position as guest  ­ among friends at Bellomont, and later always the third wheel with married couples in Europe or Alaska  ­ was one symptom of this alienation. She was also too far apart from reality to see any situation but her own. She sees the height of her previous self-centered embrace of aloofness in remembering her visits to Gertys philanthropic girls clubs; she had felt an enlightened interest in the working-classes, but that was because she looked down on them from above, from the happy altitude of her grace and her beneficence. Now that she was on a level with them, the point of view was less interesting. (297) Lily has been forced to experience her worst nightmare in order to see the nature of her own being, to see that she had never been able to understand the laws of a universe which was so ready to leave her out of its calculations. (31) She is finally apart, and alone, and able to see who she really is.What most d estroys Lily in this ignorance is the capacity her separateness holds for true love with Selden. Perhaps he sees himself in her natural aloofness. He is entirely taken, especially struck[by] the way in which she detache[s] herself, by a hundred undefinable shades, from the persons who most abounded in her own style. (223) Lily is too busy trying to belong by marrying the right man, and becoming accepted and normal, all things contrary to her nature as outsider. Selden has made his ability to be alone and separate into financial success, as he seems to be only entirely accepted male character in this social milieu with a steady job. They travel in opposite directions because of these different reactions to the same characteristic. It is only in her last hours before dying that Lily is able to see what she has been denying to herself all along:It was no longer, however, from the vision of material poverty that she turned with the greatest shrinkingit was the clutch of solitude at her heart, the sense of being swept like a stray uprooted growth down the heedless current of the years. That was the feeling that embraced her now, the feeling of being something rootless and ephemeral, mere spindrift of the whirling surface of existence, without anything to which the poor little tentacles of self could cling before the awful flood submerged them. And as she looked back she saw that there had never been a time when she had any real relation to life. (331)It is only after making these observations about herself that Lily is able to consciously embrace her difference in a series of decisions. Her abrupt decisions to sign away her last dollars to Gus Trenor, and to take too much of her medicine come on the brink of this self-realization. But what also arrives in this time is her awareness of something she must tell Selden, some word she had found that should make life clear between them. (335) Selden too, as the reader later learns, has realized the one word he must say d uring this night. It seems that in the very moment that Lilys self-awareness has blossomed, so has the love between herself and Selden. This is also the moment when her life ends, dooming Selden to eternal loneliness, a role he will play well.Although Lily cannot live with an understanding of her status as outsider, she capitalizes on it all along. This inner dilemma is one of the central conflicts of the novel. To see Lily so often next to Selden, or Gerty Farish, it becomes clear that her path would perhaps be less rocky and certainly more defined if only she could embrace her own defining quality. And the author even emphasizes this conflict with her style of writing and use of language. By adopting a style of objective derision, Wharton appears to detail the events taking place without pausing for moral persuasions while actually infusing the writing with an undercurrent of meaning. This is an irony that pervades the novel and reveals the authorial perspective hidden from the su rface, just as Lilys ironic dilemma reveals her own true nature, so long suppressed and hidden on her impeccable surface.

New SAT Scores Available Know What Your Scores Mean

According to the College Board, 463,000 students took the new SAT format on March 5th, 2016. Now the wait for all of them is over as the results for the revamped test are finally out. And there is good news for the students. Initial reports suggest that they have done better in the exam than it was anticipated. It should bring a smile to many faces because there was a general belief that the new SAT would be trickier than the old one. What the new SAT is all about? Since it was first introduced in 1926, the SAT has changed format a few times. But experts believe, this year it was probably as crucial for the students as it was for the College Board. That’s because more colleges than ever before had gone SAT optional and ACT was gaining in prominence. So in many ways the changes were bound to come and they did on March 5th. Interestingly the test takers responded calmly to the changes and if the initial reports on the results are anything to go by then have fared well on the test too. Major changes in the new SAT The Writing test, which was made optional involved analyzing evidence while in the Reading section, test takers had to give a citation of evidence. Vocabulary words were changed to ensure that obscure language also known as SAT words were eliminated. Math questions revolved around algebra, problem solving and data analysis, and passport to advanced Math. While one quarter of a point was deducted for an incorrect answer on multiple choice questions earlier, there were no deductions on the new SAT. The point scale went back from 2400 to 1600, which is what it was till up to 2005. Those taking the writing test are given a separate score for it. How to read your SAT score The reported scores now include subscores and cross-test scores. More scores highlight your strengths better and give colleges a clearer picture of your merits. For those who took the new SAT on 5th of March, this is what your scores read like. Total Score – Sum of two section scores – between 400 and 1600. Section scores (2) – Evidence Based Reading and Writing, and Math – between 200 and 800. Test Scores (3) – Reading, Writing and Language, Math – between 10 and 40. SAT Essay Scores (3) – Reading, Analysis And Writing – between 2 and 8. Your SAT report also reveals your two Cross Test Scores (scale 10-40) and seven Subscores (scale 1-15) On May 9th, the College Board also released the score converter for those who have taken the new SAT. You can now compare your scores with the old SAT and ACT scores. Unfortunately, for those who took the test on May 7th, the wait is a bit longer. Your test results are expected to be revealed on June 14th. Prepare for SAT with QS-LEAP. Be a part of discussions and counselling specially built around the exam

New Economy vs Old Economy - 6826 Words

Table of contents Introduction | | * New Economy vs. Old Economy | 2 | * Microsoft Corporation | 3 | Ford motor | 3 | Revenue and profit | 4 | Code of ethics statement | 5 | How effective is the firms? | 14 | Conclusion | 17 | Introduction * New Economy vs. Old Economy The world economy has recently changed. A new world economy has emerged over the last decade as two long-run broad trends, globalization and advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have converged. This ‘new economy’ is significantly different to the ‘old economy’, as knowledge has replaced traditional productivity inputs, such as labor and natural resources, as the primary ingredient for economic growth. A new landscape exists and†¦show more content†¦Henry Ford was 40 years old when he founded the Ford Motor Company, which would go on to become one of the largest and most profitable companies in the world, as well as being one of the few to survive the Great Depression. The largest family-controlled company in the world, the Ford Motor Company has been in continuous family control for over 100 years. Ford now encompasses several brands, including Lincoln and Mercury. Alan Mulally is president and chief executive officer of Ford Motor Company. He also is a member of the company’s Board of Directors. Microsoft’s Mission and Vision: Microsoft’s global diversity and inclusion mission is to be the world’s #1 provider of innovative technology solutions that help realize the full potential of its diverse customers and partners around the world. Microsoft Vision is to be led by a globally diverse workforce that consistently delivers outstanding business results, understands the various cultural demands of a global marketplace, is passionate about technology and the promise it holds to tap human potential, and thrives in a corporate culture where inclusive behaviors are valued (History of Ford Motor Company). One Ford Mission and Vision: One team: People working together as a lean, global enterprise for automotive leadership, as measured by: Customer, Employee, Dealer, Investor, Supplier, Union/Council, and Community Satisfaction. One Plan: * Aggressively restructure toShow MoreRelatedEvaluate the Differences Between the New England Colonies and the Chesapeake Colonies.730 Words   |  3 PagesScanlan 1st Period 6 September, 2010 DBQ #1 Although both the New England Colonies (Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New Hampshire), and the Chesapeake Colonies (Virginia and Maryland) were both settled by people of English origin, by 1700 they were both very distinct for a multitude of reasons; Three of which being, their economics, African Slave population, and their life expectancies. 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The Influence Of Follower Motivation - 1325 Words

In addition, she also uses behaviorism. Most notably, punishments are provided for undesirable behaviors. In turn, it discourages the likelihood that followers will repeat the behavior (Ben-Hur Kinley, 2015). For instance, employees that perform poorly and oftentimes dismissed. In fact, in one quarter during 2013, 600 of the lowest performing employees were dismissed (Lobello, 2013). Mayer claimed this improved the performance of employees that were not fired. Techniques Used to Influence Follower Motivation Zuckerberg and Mayer use drastically different strategies to influence follower motivation. Zuckerberg empowers and engages followers, communicates a compelling vision, intellectually inspires, encourages collective goals,†¦show more content†¦These behaviors can sabotage the organization’s goals, resources, and effectiveness and adversely affect the motivation, well-being, and job satisfaction of followers (Sheard, Kakabadse, Kakabadse, 2013). Leaders with self-destructive tendencies often not to intentionally harm the organization or followers, but because of their thoughtlessness and insensitivity they effectively do so (Sheard, Kakabadse, Kakabadse, 2013). Zuckerberg is impulsive and narcissistic. For example, Zuckerberg purchased Instagram on an impulse. In fact, the deal was set up and finalized in one weekend (Eaton, 2012). According to Lewis (n.d.), impulsive leaders can destabilize organizations. Further, impulsive leaders may tend to fire employees suddenly, which could create a constant fear of uncertainty among followers (Lewis, n.d.). Additionally, Zuckerberg was ranked the third most narcissistic CEO in the technology industry (Jackson, 2013). Narcissism is linked to the personalized use of power (Padilla, Hogan, Kaiser, 2007). Narcissists may test their judgment, which sometimes causes them to take unnecessary risks (Padilla, Hogan, Kaiser, 2007). Narcissism is also linked to overreach, so they tend to make ill-advised acquisitions and pay more than market value to acquire them (Padilla, Hogan, Kaiser, 2007). Like Zuckerberg, Mayer is also a

Lasting Legacies Essay - 2901 Words

Katrina Nguyen Victor Magagna Political Science 113A 8 December 2012 Lasting Legacies The impact of Confucianism in East Asia continues to mold and shape individuals’ actions so they can lead better lives that will have a positive effect on society. This can be achieved once the individual reaches a better understanding about their mutual obligations – that a proper society is revolved around give and take. It is the individuals who keep the lasting legacies of Confucianism through their patterns of knowledge and belief by understanding how the world actually works. The lasting legacies of Asian political thought and practice are also seen through moral reasoning and moral values, political thought and action, the economy and the†¦show more content†¦In East Asian tradition, one does not just simply reject an idea, but to tolerate it and incorporate into their tradition. This is simply the idea of interpenetrating boundaries because setting boundaries is to set one’s own limits. Human nature is also an aspect that helps humans to understand the patterns of knowledge and belief. According to East Asian traditions, they believe that human nature is not fixed at birth but a potential that could be developed. Our human nature is only a tendency, at best; we are improvable so it cannot be taken for granted. Humans are improvable through self-cultivation. Self-cultivation consists of will and sincerity. Humans must have to have the will and sincerity to improve themselves. Without sincerity, one will simply fail. This poses a political debate that if humans are cultivated and rational, then what should the role of government be in unlocking human nature. Whether government should be strong in its role or weak in terms of allowing its citizens to control and organize their own lives. It is inarguable that only a government with proper order can facilitate the development of human beings into self-cultivation. 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Since then it has raised the concerns for lower class families who did not attend good universities and their children wanted to attend but ended up not getting admission. In 2003, Se nator Edward KennedyRead More Software Maintenance Essay2606 Words   |  11 Pagessuch legacy systems remain, many are â€Å"mission-critical† whereby their failure may lead to the collapse of the business or industry in which they serve.   In such cases, it is ultimately not possible to decommission the system in question.   The present report investigates the nature of such systems and examines why legacy systems cause problems to Software Maintenance Managers?   This report also provides a brief overview as to how such problems can be minimised and controlled. Keywords: Legacy systemsRead MorePresident Carter Was A Good Guy1032 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican president, they are guaranteed remembrance. However, the main concern becomes how will their presidency be thought of? 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Postpartum Depression And Parent Child Relationships

Research Proposal: Postpartum Depression and Parent Child Relationships Adriana Tatoyan University of San Francisco May 11, 2016 Introduction Postpartum Depression Depression is a major public health problem that is twice as common in women as men during the childbearing years. Postpartum depression is defined as an episode of non-psychotic depression according to standardized diagnostic criteria with onset within 1 year of childbirth (Stewart D., et. al, 2003, p. 4). For women aged 15 to 44 years around the world, Postpartum Depression is second to HIV/AIDS, in terms of total disability (World Health Organization, 2001). Depression has a profound impact on parameters of interpersonal behavior. Post-Partum depression†¦show more content†¦42). The stress of caring for a newborn or even the circumstances surrounding labor and delivery may cause the first symptoms of PPD. Initial stressors related to labor, delivery, and bringing the baby home give way to new triggers (Dieta et al., 2007, 1516). Infant temperament can intensify or minimize a new mother’s PPD symptoms depending on the child’s sleep patterns, frequency of cr ying, being easygoing or demanding, and whether or not baby is socially reinforcing with smiles and coos (Perfetti et al., 2004, p. 57). Increasing guilt, overwhelmed feelings by child care responsibilities, and fear of being unable to cope can cause the mother to show less affection to her baby, and be less responsive to his cries (Kabir, 2006, p. 698). The infants in turn tend to be fussier and distant making less positive facial expressions and vocalizations (Beck C., 2006, p. 42). Hostile effects on the child continue throughout the first year after birth, but PPD places children of all ages at risk for impaired cognitive and emotional development as well as psychopathology (Beck C., 2006, p. 42). There are many different implications for why infants of mothers with PPD would be at risk for developing the inability for emotional regulation and healthy attachment relationships. Infants that fail to develop these abilities exhibit insecure attachments to their mothers (Peindl et al., 2004, p. 41-42). Due to the insecure attachment, they willShow MoreRelatedPostpartum Depression On The Mother And Parenting1463 Words   |  6 PagesFor this research paper, I decided to focus on postpartum depression. While being a listening ear, I was introduced to the reality that not every mother has the attachment to her child that almost every movie in Hollywood portrays. After hearing the story and not sure if it was a real thing, I began to search the web for information, stories, and news coverage related to the rarely-discussed category of depressed known as Postpartum Depression (PPD). 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Scientists have categorized their findings on postpartum depression into three basic categories. These include: the conditions surrounding the birth of the child, diagonosis and treatment of the disease, and the the long term affects of postpartum depression on the mother`s child. Postpartum major depressionRead MoreA Look At Postpartum Depression1224 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Project: A Look at Postpartum Depression Andrea Childers Denver School of Nursing â€Æ' A Look at Postpartum Depression The family I chose to work with was a primigravid mother and a first time father. Both of the parents were relatively young, the mother being nineteen years old and the father being twenty years old. My first encounter with the family was when the mother was in active labor. 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But are these women getting all the help they need to recover psychologically from such changes? A woman can feel extremely overwhelmed with a newborn child to look after. Some begin to have threatening thoughts of harming themselves or their child, and in some cases they actually follow through such as Dena Schlosser who severed her

Q Manual free essay sample

There are many people whose valuable contributions to this edition of the Q Manual must be acknowledged. They include (in no particular order): Andrew Dixon, Coalfield Campus Library David Horn, Coalfield Campus Library Owen Hughes, Faculty of Business and Economics Sally Joy, Faculty of Business and Economics Lynn Macdonald, Faculty of Business and Economics Michael Scourge, Department of Accounting and Finance Claire Tanner, F-cults of Arts Our special thanks go to Lynn Macdonald and Claire Tanner for the many hours spent collating and editing the content and for coordinating production of the Q Manual.Without your efforts and patience, this edition could not have been published. Sincere thanks also go to my dear friend and colleague, Glenda Crossing, who has collaborated with me for many years on a number of significant educational projects for the faculty. A dedicated educator, Glenda works enthusiastically and tirelessly, keeping an open mind, and most importantly, always retaining her wonderful sense of humor! Glenda also thanks Nell for her collegiality, dedication, inspiration and hard work on this and other educational projects. Together, we have produced a publication that we hope will assist you in your tidies. Finally, we wish you a stimulating, challenging and rewarding learning experience throughout your undergraduate and postgraduate studies with the Faculty of Business and Economics. Nell Kimberley Department of Management Faculty of Business and Economics January, 2008 Glenda Crossing Education Adviser Faculty of Business and Economy CICS Chapter 1 Introduction 1. 1 Welcome Congratulations on your selection to study one of the courses offered by the Faculty of Business and Economics at Monish University.This manual is intended to provide you with information on how to produce quality work ND achieve the best possible results in your examinations. The major goal of the university is to assist you to obtain an excellent education so that you may take your place in society as a well-qualified graduate. It is important to note that while the courses provide the teaching support and the necessary framework for your studies, success can be achieved only through your personal commitment and dedication to hard work throughout all the years of your course.The following information is aimed at familiarizing you with the Monish University study environment and increasing your effectiveness s a Monish student, thereby enabling you to reach your potential. For those of you who are experiencing university level study for the first time, this manual will la y an important foundation and prepare you for a new world. 1. 2 Monish university Monish University was established in 1961 and named after General Sir John Monish (1865-1931 Sir John was a soldier, scholar and engineer, and the Commanding General of the Australian forces in France in World War 1.In addition, as the first Chairman of the State Electricity Commission, he took on the immense task of overseeing the development of the LaTrobe Valleys brown coal resources. Sir John was a man of wide interests and vast intellectual range. He was this country first Doctor of Engineering and exemplifies the University motto Anchor Impart (l am still learning). The university now has a population of more than 50,000 students from over 1 00 countries, who speak 90 languages. There are eight Monish campuses and two centers, in Italy and London. The primary pursuits of teaching and research are carried out in the universitys ten faculties. The faculties, which each cover a specific body of knowledge, are: Art and Design; Arts; Business and Economics; Education; Engineering; Information Technology; Law; Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences; Pharmacy; and Science. 1. 3 1 . 3. 1 Faculty of Business and Economics Goals The aim of the faculty is to use its scale, scope and unique internal diversity to become an international leader in the pursuit, dissemination and analysis of knowledge, particularly in the disciplines of accounting banking econometrics, economics, finance, management, marketing, and tourism.By the application of such knowledge, its staff and students will contribute to the economic, social and commercial development of Australia and other countries in an increasingly globalizes environment. 1 . 32 Faculty structure The Faculty of Business and Economics is the largest faculty in the university, with more than 1 7,000 students enrolled over five Australian campuses at Berwick, Coalfield, Clayton, Spalding and Peninsula, as well as in Malaysia and South Africa.In addition to a diverse range of undergraduate bachelors degrees, the faculty offers a comprehensive range of graduate courses including an executive certificate, graduate certificates and diplomas, masters degrees by coursework and research, the Master of Business Administration, the Doctor of Business Administration, the Master of Philosophy and the Doctor of philosophy. Courses are delivered on campus, usually through lectures, tutorials and Web Vista, while officious students are catered for by distance education. The Dean and the main faculty office are located on the Coalfield campus.In addition, there are faculty staff located at the other campuses. Go to http:// move. Busses. Monish. Deed. AU/student/contact/ for location and contact details. 1 . 33 Departments and centers The Business and Economics faculty is subdivided into organizations that are responsible for particular areas of knowledge. There are six departments and two research centers. The departments are: Accounting and Finance, Business Law and Taxation, Econometrics and Business Statistics, Economics, Management, and Marketing. The research centers are: Centre of Policy Studies, and Centre for Health Economics.They cover fields of study including accounting, banking, business law, business statistics, economics, econometrics, finance, international business, management, human resource management, marketing, taxation and tourism. Whatever your major or areas of study it is essential that you have an understanding of each of the disciplines and how they interact with each other in the overall operations of business organization. 1 . 3. 4 Aims for learning at Monish University and in the Faculty of Business and Economics The university and the faculty recognize the needs of students for their lives following graduation.As a Monish graduate you will be operating in a globalizes and rapidly-changing world, and the university and faculty aim to develop in students attributes beyond the ability to understand and operate competently with course and unit content. The aims are that students will develop in ways that will enable them to: Engage in an internationalists and increasingly globalizes world; Engage in discovery, analysis, integration and application for problem solving and learning with knowledge; Communicate competently orally and in writing across cultures and settings, including their specific disciplines.As you undertake your studies, you will notice an emphasis on these attributes and you will be engaged in activities and tasks to help you develop them. In the following chapters of this guide, we explain the influences of these attributes on your approach to study. 1 . 3. 5 Units Each department offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate units. In a three-year undergraduate degree, there are twenty-four units, with our units to be taken in each semester (part-time students would normally undertake two units each semester). The unit leader or coordinator is responsible for the administration of the particular unit. You can consult with your unit leader, and or coordinator in larger units you may also consult with the other lecturers and tutors. 1 . 3. 6 Role of lecturers/tutors Lecturers and tutors have a key role as facilitators Of your learning. They are able and most willing to help you With your studies and can be contacted using your student email account. Their email addresses are located in the unit outline. Alternatively, academic staff can be contacted during their consultation hours which are often posted on their door or outside the main administration office. 1 . 3. 7 Role of on-line sources of information Monish has adopted a learning management system which provides you with access to on-line unit information. The web contains information that you need to know for the unit, both of an administrative nature as well as useful material for your studies. 2 1. 3. Role Of course directors/coordinators If you are encountering academic performance issues, course progression and similar problems you should initially discuss these with enrolment officers or course advisers. You may, occasionally, then be referred to course directors or course coordinators to help with these issues. Undergraduate students are referred to course directors or course coordinators by the faculty office and postgraduate students by departmental administration staff. If referred, course directors and coordinators are available during their consultation hours. . 3. 9 Additional important information The Undergraduate and Postgraduate Handbooks and the Student Resource Guide provide important information regarding various aspects of university life. The Student Resource Guide is distributed to all students at the time of initial enrolment and is available on-line at www. Monish. Deed. AU/pubs. It contains details of the university code of practice for teaching and learning, as well as grievance and appeals procedures. Further copies can be obtained from Student Service Centers on all campuses.An excellent resource for students is also available on-line via the student link on the Business and Economics Faculty website at http://www. Busses. Monish. Deed. AU/student/. The site contains links to important information regarding: courses and units, admissions and enrolments, schools and departments, exams and results, administration, study resources, calendars and timetables, IT and computing, support services, careers and employment, international students, and clubs and associations.Faculty expectations of student performance As students of the faculty, there are a number of units that you will study as part of your course. Although these units may have differing methods of assessment, the faculty has the following expectations of your behavior and performance. 1. 4. 1 Attendance and participation at lectures and tutorials Lectures and tutorials are central to your performance in the university. Lectures provide the material you require in order to understand the overall nature and direction of the unit.Important concepts and analysis can be emphasized by the lecturer and put into context for the student. Tutorials are a vital part Of your studies. They reinforce lecture material and provide you with an opportunity to discuss material presented in lectures, as well as to ask questions. Tutorials also provide you with the opportunity to develop your oral communication skills. The material presented is not designed to vive you one view on a topic but to facilitate your understanding of the issue under discussion.

Computer science ethics Essay Example For Students

Computer science ethics Essay The purpose of this article is to state the issues in computer ethics and the integration of these into the Information Technology curriculum. This article states the facts in an unbiased manner. It brings up points from both sides; the advocation of the ethics course and the probability that many of these issues wont even be relevant to your job. A systems analyst becomes aware of illegal activity- fraud, money laundering, tax evasion- at his company. After a late night of work, the analyst breaks the networks security code and examines confidential. A few days later, an envelope containing several thousand dollars appears on his desk(Pliagas, p.39 et seq.). This is one of the many scenarios that can be rationalized by computer ethics. Is it morally morally right to let these activities continue without someone stepping in? Is it right for the analyst for the analyst to break the security codes and find this information? Should he be prosecuted as well for hacking into the system? These are some of the questions rising up in computer ethics courses at universities and campuses during the course. Many people dont understand how ethics can be incorporated on the job. The issue that rises is, can certain people be trusted? (Pliagas, p.39 et seq) Nobody wants to work with a person that could hack into their personal files. Yet at the same, anyone could do this. That is why it ethics is important in society. It helps you to rationalize. Michael Cohen, a software architect, took the computer ethics course and believes that ethics is not needed. He has not encountered any ethical issues with his current job, however, he has only been working for a short time. His boss believes the opposite. In an attempt to keep track of certain individuals e-mail habits, he had to come up with a solution that wouldnt infringe on privacy. The company installed a system to warn management when an employee sends or receives a certain amount of e-mail to or from the same address (Pliagas, p.39, et seq). This was due to employees suspected of goofing off on company time. Ethically speaking, not working when you are supposed to is the same as stealing money from the company. Many universities are beginning to implement the ethics course into the into the computer science curriculum. George Mason University requires all computer science students to take a computer ethics course (Pliagas, p.39, et seq). I know this first hand, because it is a requirement for my degree. The argument for this change is they wont be aware how to handle these issues if they have never thought of them before (Pliagas, p. 39, et seq). However, common sense will tell you how to handle most of these situations when they are encountered. The quality of software developed is also an issue. The Y2k bug is an example of a software problem. It was not properly thought out and given the amount of time there was to prepare for it, an issue that should have been resolved 5-10 years earlier. Years ago, developers thought little about the future of their work: Would airplanes be able to fly? What would the financial ramifications be? This lack of foresight brought problems of global significance (Pliagas, p. 39, et seq). Computer ethics courses have had to change with the times. The main issues used to be equity, hacking, and security (Pliagas, p.39, et seq). It has to go further than that today. The idea in the classroom is that, students arrive with their own standards and ethics, this sparks discussion, and then the computer professionals code of ethics is introduced (Pliagras, p. .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe , .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .postImageUrl , .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe , .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe:hover , .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe:visited , .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe:active { border:0!important; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe:active , .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u28778fc45b0b7d9e8908e8eabe1691fe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Matrix Review Essay39, et seq). Ethics should be a class taught in every class, to every major. I took an ethics course at a community college that I attended and it really affected my thought process. I became more open-minded and opinionated. One of the main points of the ethics class, is that hopefully errors will be self-caught before they turn into moral catastrophes (Pliagras, p.39, et seq). No matter what is done or taught, there will always be people who cross the line and disregard such boundaries (Pliagras, p.39, et seq). There will always be hackers .

Lehman Brothers Subprime Crisis free essay sample

Introduction The global financial crisis that erupted in September 2008 has thrown economies around the world into a recession. The root cause were sown in the credit boom that peaked in mid-2007, followed by the meltdown of sub-prime mortgages and securitized products. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were both taken over by the government and on September 24, 2008, Lehman Brothers declared bankruptcy after failing to find a buyer. The fall of Lehman Brothers rattled the global market and led to a great drop in the United States (U. S. ) stock market the day after the announcement. The sudden failure of Lehman Brothers is widely viewed as a watershed moment in the global financial crisis of 2007 – 2009. With over $639 billion in assets and $613 billion in liabilities, it is one of the largest bankruptcies in the history of U. S. (Mamudi, 2008). Lehman Brothers was founded in 1850 by three cotton brokers in Montgomery, Alabama. The firm moved to New York City after the Civil War and grew into one of Wall Street’s investment giants. We will write a custom essay sample on Lehman Brothers Subprime Crisis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lehman Brothers is a global financial services firm; the fourth largest investment bank in the U. S. Lehman Brothers’ clients is big institutions, not small individuals. It is an innovator in global finance, serving the financial needs of corporations, governments, municipalities, institutional clients and high-net-worth individuals worldwide. Lehman Brothers investment banking operations accounted for just 20 per cent of the company’s 2007 revenue while most of its net revenue comes from fixed income sales and trading; about 40 per cent. Some of the different fixed income investments that Lehman Brothers deals with include derivatives and swaps, mortgage-backed securities and futures (Callan, n. d. ). However, the investment management business still provides the stable earning base because of its fee-based structure. This term paper will further look into the how Lehman Brothers started off as an investment bank began getting entangled to the subprime mortgages and how it led to its bankruptcy. Lessons from the downfall of Lehman Brothers and the causes and consequences of the collapse will be highlighted in this paper. Subprime Mortgage Crisis The subprime mortgage market lends money to people who don’t meet the credit scoring for ordinary mortgages. For example, a FICO score less than 620 will disqualify the applications from loans at the prime rate. Since subprime borrowers mostly have poor credit history or low incomes, there is a greater possibility that the debts won’t be paid. Thus, making subprime mortgages risky for lenders. Therefore, to compensate the added risk, banks and other lenders charge higher interest rates on subprime mortgages. This made subprime lending very lucrative. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have led the mortgage industry in the 1990s promoting home ownership amongst lower income borrowers. The growth of subprime mortgage market can be attributed to a number of factors. The lower interest rates which resulted in home mortgage payments inexpensive led to a large number of demands for houses. Figure 1 show, a prolonged period of low interest rates which led to raise in house prices that was completely abnormal by historical standards. Banks searched for a method to meet the ever-increasing demand for mortgages and hence realized the perceived great profit opportunities in the real estate market. This prompted the innovation and design of new financial instruments and organizations such as securitized mortgage loans – mortgage backed securities (MBS), asset-backed securities (ABS) and collaterized debt obligations (CDOs) (Knutsen, 2011). As real estate prices rose in the early years of this decade and securitization provided more working capital for mortgage, lenders relaxed their underwriting criteria in order to issue more mortgages (Kirk, n. . ). During the refinancing boom from 2001 to 2003, interest rates fell, borrowing demand increased, mortgage lenders expanded their businesses, and new lenders entered the market (Krinsman, 2007). Figure 2 shows the significant increased in subprime lending from 2004 to 2006. With the U. S. housing boom well under way, Lehman Brothers acquired five mortgage lenders; including subprime lender BNC Mortgage. BNC is ranked as one of the nation’s top 100 mortgage lenders and the eighth largest wholesale subprime lender (Mortgage info, 2007). BNC Mortgage, as the subsidiary of Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. ecame the biggest underwriter of U. S. bonds backed by mortgages. As securitization of mortgages increased, the investment banks urged the mortgage lending industry to increase their loan volumes. However, on August 22, 2007, Lehman Brothers decided to close down its subprime-lending unit; BNC Mortgage, causing about 1,200 employees to lose their jobs (Onaran, 2007). Figure 2: The downfall of Lehman Brothers Until 2007, Lehman Brothers has generated a significant portion of its revenue through the issuance of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. Lehman Brothers had grown increasingly reliant on its fixed income trading and underwriting division which served as the primary engine for its strong growth throughout the first half of the decade as shown in Exhibit 1 (Stowell, 2010). When the collapse of the U. S. subprime mortgage industry started, it result in credit crisis and the mortgage default rates began to rise and the demand for these securities began to disappear. Lehman Brothers was left with billions of dollars of rapidly depreciating securities on its balance sheet, forcing it to take large write downs and write-offs (Callan, n. d). As the credit crisis reupted in August 2007 with the failure of two Bear Stearns hedge funds due to a lack of confidence in its subprime mortgage holdings, Lehman Brothers’ stock fell sharply. As Lehman Brothers is one of the major players in the subprime lending, it faced a huge difficulty when the housing bubble burst. Lehman Brothers underwrote a huge amount of MBSs, accumulating an $85 billion portfolio, four times its shareholders equity (Investopedia, 2011). House prices began to decline while short-term interest rates rose and borrowers found themselves unable to pay higher monthly payments by refinancing began to default. The decline in mortgage payments also reduces the value of mortgage-backed securities which erodes the net worth and financial health of banks. Lehman Brothers suffered huge losses accrued in lower-rated mortgage-backed securities throughout 2008 (Anderson Dash, 2008). Another cause of the downfall could be due to the extremely high level of leverage and short-term debt financing. Lehman Brothers significantly increased its leverage over the same timeframe, going from a debt-to-equity ratio of 23. 7 times in 2003 to 35. times in 2007 as shown in Figure 3 (Stowell, 2010). While commercial banks are regulated and cannot leverage their equity more than 15 to 1, Lehman Brothers had a leverage of more than 30 to 1. So, as the leverage increased, the ongoing erosion of the mortgage-backed security industry began to impact Lehman Brothers greatly. In turn, the instability created by the leverage problem was aggravated by Lehman Brothers’ large use of short-term debt which financed m ore than 50 per cent of the asset shown in Figure 4 (Zingales, 2008). After the beginning of the crisis, Lehman Brothers tried to reduce its leverage and reduce its reliance on short-term debt, but it was a little too late. Lehman Brothers, the 158-year-old investment bank finally announced the largest Chapter 11 filing in U. S. history, listing assets of $639 billion and liabilities of $768 billion in September 2008. However, before the filing of Chapter 11, Lehman Brothers was said to be using an â€Å"accounting gimmick† to make it appear as if it had off-loaded risky assets and reduced its balance sheet during the height of the financial crisis. This gimmick is known as a â€Å"Repo 105†. This allows Lehman Brothers to use the booking of repurchase agreements as sales rather than temporary transactions (Evanson, 2010). Exhibit 1:   Lehman Brothers’ Financial Performance Since 1999 Source: Stowell (2010) Figure 3: Increase in leverage among investment banks Figure 4: Lehman Brothers Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity Source: Lehman Annual Report Consequences and Lessons Lehman Brothers’ global footprint meant that thousands of financial market participants were directly impacted by its collapse. Numerous aftershocks were felt throughout the world resulting from numerous cross-border and cross-entity interdependencies. Lehman Brothers’ insolvency has resulted in more than 75 separate and distinct bankruptcy proceedings (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009). Lehman Brothers’ collapse has forced the market to reassess risk. There are many lessons learnt from the collapse of Lehman Brothers is the internal management structure of the company. Advice from Darryl Steinberg, the managing director and senior tax counsel to Lehman Brothers is for in-house tax professionals to be involved with the firm’s business managers from the outset. He said â€Å"Assisting with the firms organisation and structural planning and providing tax-sensitive input in establishing best business practices at the same time as the creation of those business operations is imperative in the highly regulated business world of today† (Snowdon, Steinberg, ; Lippman, 2009). Global rating agencies were widely condemned as being asleep on the job or being compromised by a system where their revenue derived from the very firms they were assessing. Closer supervision was called by the European Commission to ensue the publication of high quality credit ratings in the future (Allen, 2009). Finally, from this event, all banks should learn that nothing can be taken for granted. When there is signal of warning that the company might be in financial danger, the bank must take heed. References Allen, C. (2009). Lesson learned: one year after Lehman. Global Investor, 15 – 19. Anderson, J. ; Dash, E. (2008, August 28). For Lehman, more cuts and anxiety. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/2008/08/29/business/29wall. html? em Evanson, D. (2010, April 12). Lessons from the collapse of Lehman Brothers. TheStar Online. Retrieved from http://biz. thestar. com. my/news/story. asp? ile=/2010/4/12/business/6017192;sec=business Investopedia. (2011). Case study: the collapse of Lehman Brothers. Retrieved May 4, 2011, from http://www. investopedia. com/articles/economics/09/lehman-brothers-collapse. asp Kirk, E. (n. d. ). The â€Å"subprime mortgage crisis†: An overview of the crisis and potential exposure. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from www. rli-epg. com/articles/Subprime-Mortgage-Crisis. pdf Knutsen, S. (2011). Why did â€Å"it† happen again? The American subprime crisis compared with the Norwegian banking crisis 1987-92. Past, present and policy: 4th International Conference. Retrieved from www. epr. org/meets/wkcn/1/1730/papers/KnutsenFinal. pdf Krinsman, A. (2007). Subprime mortgage meltdown: How did it happen and how will it end? The Journal of Structured Finance, 13(2), 1 – 9. Mamudi, S. (2008, September 15). Lehman folds with record $613 billion debt. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www. marketwatch. com/story/lehman-folds-with-record-613-billion-debt? siteid=rss Mortgage Info. (2007). BNC Mortgage Inc. Retrieved May 3, 2011, from http://www. mortgage-info. us/lender_bnc_mortgage. htm Onaran, Y. (2007, August 22). Lehman Brothers shuts down subprime unit, fires 1,200. Bloomberg. Retrieved from http://www. bloomberg. com/apps/news? pid=newsarchive;sid=a87FPr78qX9w mp;amp;refer=news Snowdon, C. , Steinberg, D. , ; Lippman, M. (2009). Managing the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers. International Tax Review, (49), 3 – 6. Stowell, D. (2010). Investment banking in 2008 (B): A brave new world. An Introduction to Investment Banks, Hedge Funds, and Private Equity, 403 – 417. Zingales, L. (2008). Causes and effects of the Lehman Brothers bankruptcy. Retrieved from http://www. scribd. com/doc/11096014/Causes-and-Effects-of-the-Lehman-Brothers-Bankruptcy

The Cause Essay Sample Is an Excellent Way to Understand an Intro to Essay Topic

The Cause Essay Sample Is an Excellent Way to Understand an Intro to Essay TopicThe cause essay is a great writing technique for college and high school students, but it is also useful in many situations where the writer needs to write a concise summary of some topic that is important to them. For example, if you're an English major writing an essay on the topic of literature, you can use the cause essay sample to help you remember and think about what it is that you are writing about.Because this essay is supposed to be used as a general topic, you don't have to worry about doing research. There isn't any real depth or meaning in the topic, so everything is going to be used as a guideline for the outline that will lead into the body of the essay. For example, it's easy to get sidetracked by all the wonderful world-building that you're going to read about; therefore, you'll want to make sure that you take your time before you start reading.If you have enough time to read, you can loo k up more information in a more informative way by reading something related to the topic that you're currently focusing on. This is not an effective way to use a cause essay sample. You want to move on from the introduction to the body, not dwell on it.When you are working with the cause essay sample, it's easier to use a preface at the beginning to sum up what the essay is about. Then you can go over all the information again later to make sure that you still understand what the essay is about. It also helps to start out with a conclusion that will answer the question that you're trying to answer.To summarize, the cause essay is a way to summarise a general topic for you to think about what your overall objective is for your essay. If you've taken the time to sit down and write the theme and outline of your essay, it's also a good idea to take the time to work over your thesis statement. By putting your overall thesis down in the body of the essay, you're able to refer back to it at any time to help you remember your writing style.It's important to remember that a thesis statement doesn't exist in the essay format. You'll find that the cause essay sample is very similar to the thesis statement used in academic essays, but there is an added twist. It's always better to read the cause statement over before starting to write your essay, so that you can make sure that you understand it. By doing this, you won't have any problems trying to make sense of your essay later.It's also possible to use the cause essay sample as a means of summarising your thesis statement. All that you need to do is to open your sample essay and you'll see that there is a table that will show you which chapters and sentences contain what keywords. These keywords are important because they will give you a way to easily remember what you're looking for. The last thing that you want to do is to waste time or effort researching keywords that aren't relevant to your topic.With these three ti ps, you'll be well on your way to understanding what this basic introduction to essay writing is all about. By using the cause essay sample as a guide, you'll be able to produce an effective outline, easily work over your thesis statement, and provide yourself with the knowledge that you need to help you in your essay. Now go create a great introduction to your paper and start writing!

The detective genre Essays

The detective genre Essays The detective genre Essay The detective genre Essay His most famous feature is his intelligence, which he demonstrates very modestly. He always presents his deductions with an air of understatement: There is no mystery, my dear madam. As Holmes listens to Helen Stoners story in The Speckled Band, the same quiet confidence and ability to encourage and reassure in very few words is apparent. He talks very little compared to his visitor, but has the ability to listen completely attentively to every detail of her description, Leaning back in his chair with his eyes closed Sherlock Holmes tends to have a great deal of concentration and imagination as he questions Helen Stoner and contemplates the situation, as he has a fair idea of the real events of the story before he leaves his room. The detective work is done within his mind and his visit to the scene of the crime is really only to confirm what he has already deduced. Sherlock Holmes is a hard working, observant character, unlike the police, the public had lost faith in the police and it was down to Doyle to make Sherlock Holmes a detective who could actually continuously unravel clues, solve crimes and build public hope. The other great appeal of the compilation of stories is that the modern reader sees a real historical period of living, which has now passed by. As readers like to see life in olden days, Doyle represents this brilliantly in his stories. In The Speckled Band there is the reference to the dogcart in which Victorians travelled around in, to the attire of Helen Stoner when she visits Holmes. She raised her veil as she spoke and we could see that she was indeed in a pitiable state of agitation, her face all drawn and gray, with restless, frightened eyes, like those of some hunted animal. Her features and figure were those of a woman of thirty, but her hair was shot with premature gray, and her expression was weary and haggard. The reference to the veil shows the audience that something as gone wrong, as people only tend to wear veils either if your getting married or if someone has died as its tradition to wear such garments.

Recommendation letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Recommendation letter - Essay Example contributed significantly in the school’s counselling programme by acting as the active counsellor, who has assisted different students with various issues affecting their lives. Jane is caring, passionate and hardworking. During her free time one will meet her interacting with the students as she offers them advice and lessons on how to live a positive life. She is also fond of reading psychology books and I remember when she gave me the Dan Ariely book, Predictably Irrational, which was incomprehensible at first until I sought some reading tips from her. She is extremely well prepared for the Master’s Degree as many of us have seen her studying various psychology related books, which shows that she is dedicated to education and a career path that concerns other’s wellbeing. Jane has always been patient with people and whenever a colleague or a student wrongs her, she always tries to understand the cause and does not seem to jump into quick conclusions. She brings an aura of simplicity and understanding to every difficult situation that people may have. Her personality clearly suits the master’s programme that she wants to pursue and ac cepting her into your institution will not only benefit her, but will also be for the good of the community. I highly recommend Jane for a chance in the Masters of Mental Health and wellbeing for children, young people and families programme, and I sure that even the rest of the community will be grateful too. In case I am needed for any further assistance, please contact me using address or numbers attached. Bodine, Paul. Perfect Phrases for Letters of Recommendation: Hundreds of Ready-To-Use Phrases You Can Use to Recommend Applicants to College, Grad School, and Professional School. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

Academic writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Academic writing - Essay Example Its crystal that shock to the head from sports like boxing, rugby, American football and ice hockey have caused long term brain injuries to the associated players. The latest game coming into the light about brain injuries sustained from head collisions is soccer. According to the Legendary Pele, Ball heading resulting from play is supposed to be done using the forehead with clenched fists. It can also be done using the tensed neck muscle and failure to that resulted in misdirected play and a greater impact on the brain. This is because a header caused one’s mind to shake in the skull. When it came to children they either failed to follow the necessary steps while heading or are not strong enough. Considering that they are still growing, their neck muscles even though tensed are not adequately strong to protect their skulls from absorption of the elevated G-force. Since their heads are big and wobble in proportion to the whole body than adults, the brain is likely to shake ins ide the skull on impact. In comparison to a 6-year-old non-developmentally ready to pass the ball, 12-year-old should not be allowed to head. Studies have also established that children take longer to heal mental children as compared to adults. They are also more susceptible to injuries because their skull is not well developed to sustain external forces (Cantu and Hayman, 2014). Since children aren’t able to decide and prepare how appropriately to head the ball, they are more susceptible to head injuries. Such injuries may be attributed to the inadequacy in strength to head, awareness in the best heading way or not well-coordinated to head. Furthermore, the neck muscles are not well developed to hold the head steadily and deal with the impact from heading. While watching a children’s game, it won’t take long notice that heading is useless. It’s always a result of guesswork and done randomly with closed eyes and the ball non-directional. The ball in most cases makes contact

Personal Impact Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Impact - Term Paper Example It is a condition where a patient suffers discomfort in emptying their bowels (defecation) and may include abdominal pain and loss of appetite (Rogers, 2011). The disorder typically occurs when the water from the food that the patient ate is absorbed too much by the colon. When the colon absorbs too much water from the food, it will dry up the bowel and consequently result to its slow movement in the digestive tract and thus the constipation disorder. Patients who are suffering from constipation may feel severe pain in the excretion of their bowels especially when the feces are very hard. In extreme cases, it is not only the feces that cannot pass out of the rectum but also the gas that makes the disorder an obstipation (Medical News Today, 2009) In most cases, constipation is caused by the colon’s too much absorption of water from the food. In the case of children however, many of the children’s constipation is caused by functional or idiopathic problem (if the disorder cannot be explained by anatomical or physiological abnormalities) which is more psychological than biological. Unlike in adults whose disorder is primarily caused by their unhealthy eating patterns and lifestyle and mainly physiological in origin, the contributing factors that causes constipation in children can include psychological issues, difficulty in their toilet training and even heredity (Rogers, 2011). In addition to children, old people are also prone to constipation. It is because age related changes in the patient’s body can affect the gastrointestinal tract that would hamper their regular bowel movement though studies were not conclusive that older people are more likely to be affected by constipation than younger people (Woodward, 2012). The report of Medical News Today hypothesized that the reduction of the speed of an old patient’s metabolism may be the reason why older people get constipated which is typically a result of a

Human Function: Aristotle’s Basis for Ethical Value Essay -- Philosoph

Human Function: Aristotle’s Basis for Ethical Value I. Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics Depend on the Human Function Aristotle presents a system of virtue ethics in Nicomachean Ethics. This work presents a prescriptive theory with the aim of showing how humans may reach a proper state of happiness in which the natural human end is fulfilled. This end is regarded as an end in itself to which subordinate ends are related. This master end itself is understood as a type of activity rather than a state that can be achieved with a limited series of actions, and this activity is described as a general practice of acting well in accord with reason. The Ethics launches an inquiry into what makes human happiness, or eudaimonia, possible, and Aristotle believes this is the highest good for mankind. Aristotle expresses this good as being the highest end that action reaches for, which is something self-sufficient, and he suggests that to understand action we should understand function. He presents his concept of the human function and says that humans must function well in order to reach the highest good. Funct ioning well is what is understood as virtue, and so his system of virtue ethics is overall concerned with humans functioning well. Functioning well is seen as aiming at a mean between excess and deficiency. The virtue of a thing is understood in terms of its function. A function fulfills a need, and a need is met by being provided the right amount of something but not too much or too little. This is why a craftsman designs goods without excess or deficiency — so that they will function well — and likewise human virtue must be understood as aiming between excess and deficiency. So the Nicomachean Ethics develops a system where all val... ...ve. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1998. Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Trans. David Ross. New York: Oxford University Press, 1925. Irwin, Terence. Aristotle’s First Principles. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. Kraut, Richard. Aristotle on the Human Good. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989. MacIntyre, Alasdair. After Virtue. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1981. Plato. Protagoras. Trans. Stanley Lombardo and Karen Bell. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1992. Reeve, C. D. C. Practices of Reason: Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. 1 C. D. C. Reeve, Practices of Reason: Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992) 124. 2 Richard Kraut, Aristotle on the Human Good (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989) 313-16. 3 Reeve 125-26.